tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-11547541119952828232024-03-13T17:44:29.275-07:00e-Portfoliowan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.comBlogger16125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-60649564272171265602012-12-04T07:20:00.003-08:002012-12-04T07:40:34.097-08:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Hello and assalamualaikum....</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
This blog is created for my course, Information and Communication Technology in Science.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Let learn ICT AND SCIENCE......ENJOY AND HAVE FUN...DO VISIT MY BLOG.....</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
Thank you...</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRYB-4up-dfT834l7yosnokgi1p03tM_PeaN-jM7sXyb9SsASwqoJKIc2H5AaCFS_Lmiglzx8t7dmxiBCtROilspuI9_t9XwARJnl-9VBPSp_PpbvAeEoAx_5HQVRE0Ixby3JGp9h-4Dw/s1600/ict-logo1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="309" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRYB-4up-dfT834l7yosnokgi1p03tM_PeaN-jM7sXyb9SsASwqoJKIc2H5AaCFS_Lmiglzx8t7dmxiBCtROilspuI9_t9XwARJnl-9VBPSp_PpbvAeEoAx_5HQVRE0Ixby3JGp9h-4Dw/s320/ict-logo1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizKBi1o-A1wnRO0B-FhVF4yXjhm2vWK0i8bX6cxyBj5AuaPD1ACOkrDDPktfxwMIPziDe9l4ebpMTc6v0IWVd2yrsXc7TB0K8BDIcleoqNMtGJgt2cCIvOEKLTANozxGfzeYOI0ZtGVdY/s1600/detroit20science20center-full.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="195" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizKBi1o-A1wnRO0B-FhVF4yXjhm2vWK0i8bX6cxyBj5AuaPD1ACOkrDDPktfxwMIPziDe9l4ebpMTc6v0IWVd2yrsXc7TB0K8BDIcleoqNMtGJgt2cCIvOEKLTANozxGfzeYOI0ZtGVdY/s320/detroit20science20center-full.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrom4JOnunslAMnKvBOpCfg1hQ0h2yxWTl-U93YSSD-SLtqOtvF-YjRK8ZBwt5kjniR4o6yTkaycSx4CviKSRq2Y1tW7Lz1OKKXuD4hldxqcfsS16LzTeFIKNCTwMOxcnWpyspEaR0oqk/s1600/Just_Splat.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrom4JOnunslAMnKvBOpCfg1hQ0h2yxWTl-U93YSSD-SLtqOtvF-YjRK8ZBwt5kjniR4o6yTkaycSx4CviKSRq2Y1tW7Lz1OKKXuD4hldxqcfsS16LzTeFIKNCTwMOxcnWpyspEaR0oqk/s320/Just_Splat.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-79099278984088706932012-12-02T08:15:00.002-08:002012-12-04T07:45:23.187-08:00Data Logging<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The effect of catalyst on the rate of reaction</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">1.0 Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">What
is data logger?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">A data
logger is an electronic device that records data over time or in relation to
location either with a build in instrument or sensor or via external
instruments and sensors. The data logger, but not entirely they are based on a
digital processor. They generally are small, battery powered, portable and
equipped with a microprocessor, internal memory for data storage and sensors.
Some data loggers interface with a personal computer and utilize software to
activate the data logger and view then analyze the collected data, while others
have a local interface device and can be used as a stand alone device. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Computer data logging<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Computer
data logging is the process of recording events, with an automated computer
program. This process provides an audit trail that can be used to understand
the activity of the system and to diagnose problem. Due to the features of
practical activity for science is always by observation and measurement, with
the help of this process it can expose the student to a variety instrument that
can observe and measure. The results of observation and measurement are
presented in graph and table form after being processed. But now, with the
modern computer technology can now assist this process of handling data.
Computer data logging composed of several main parts such as sensor, interface
box and computer with appropriate software. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Sensor
is a device that responds to some physical property of the environment by
detecting the physical variation and converted into voltage signal and being recognized
by the interface box. The physical properties of the environment including the
temperature, pressure, light intensity, sound, position, magnetic flux,
voltage, current and others. The interface box is functioned to convert the
voltage signal of the sensor to a digital sensor, which is can be read by the
computer. The interface box very useful for data logging over extended periods
and contain own memory for data storing. Computer with appropriate software is
required so that the computer can interpret and process the signal from the
interface box. Other than that it manages to store, display and analysis data.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">What are the advantages of using data
logger?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">One
of the primary advantages of using data loggers is the ability to automatically
collect datas on a 24 hour basis. An experiment that conducted using data
logger can be repeated or stopped at any time as most of the work is taken over
by the data logger. Besides that, two experiments can be conducted
simultaneously. By this way, teacher can save time and helps the students to
overcome variety difficulties method and drawing graph manually. By using this
technology, students are also allowed to compare the results or graph with
other groups and pose the questions. This can increase the students
understanding about the subject. Less work needed to be done by the students.
Other than that, this computer-assisted data logging allows the students to
concentrate on scientific inquiry and development of problem solving skill.
This enable experiment to be done in a small group thus the learning process
becomes more meaningful. It encourages the students to do discussion on the
progress of the experiment and allow higher ordered thinking. Thus, by using
computer data logging, it increased interpreting skills enhances scientific
thinking, creativity and problem solving ability.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">What are disadvantages of data
logging?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">There
are still some disadvantages on the use of data logging in teaching and
learning. One of the disadvantages is data logging breaks down or malfunctions.
This is because some sensors are very sensitive to the highest voltage and the
students may not take precaution during handling this type of sensor and do not
starts use them at the lower voltage at initial. Due to this problem, some data
could be lost or not recorded. Other than that, the equipment can be expensive
for small task. This may caused the sensor provided in teaching and learning
are not enough in number and students need to share in large number of student
for one group and reduced an effective learning. The other disadvantages are,
the equipment will only take the readings at the data logging interval which
has been set up. If something unexpected happens, between recordings, the data
will not collected. The unexpected event could be like the sensor falls while
conducting experiment, electric power failure, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 0.5in;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">What is catalyst and how it affects
the rate of reaction?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In
this experiment, the teacher has use data logger to conduct an experiment about
the effect of catalyst on the rate of reaction. The pressure sensor is used to
measure the production of oxygen gas produced. A catalyst can be defined as a
substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction. Catalyst can speeds
up a chemical reaction but is not consumed by the reaction. In order for
chemical reactants to become products, the species involved in any reaction
must undergo a rearrangement of chemical bonds. If a reaction has a low rate,
that means the molecules combine at a slower speed than a reaction with a high
rate. In this experiment, hydrogen peroxide is used to react with the catalyst.
The higher the concentration enzyme catalase, the higher the amount of oxygen, </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">released by the
destroyed hydrogen peroxides.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> This is because, the higher the enzyme catalase, the
higher rate of colliding collision between enzyme catalase and hydrogen
peroxide, more hydrogen peroxide being destroyed and released oxygen gas.
Oxygen is given off much faster if the hydrogen peroxide is concentrated than
if it is dilute. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">2.0 Engage <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; text-indent: -58.5pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Statement:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> You are given two different pictures
about the ways for student to their lecturer room which is located on the 6<sup>th</sup>
floor. Observe the picture carefully.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 58.5pt; text-indent: -58.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDwmBEgkRqnA8OHrMEExzz85s0NIvCun8FgDrbwgiPS_fCcK2I0jUz_BFKx20H2-I5RD9Kzbqykw1ExFy5Ut17y7b_iOMT023N3gNpbkNFzTQWBQK4nSUwA03QNhwphN7P0gbRwMa0fcE/s1600/702812_442544929126869_615545595_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDwmBEgkRqnA8OHrMEExzz85s0NIvCun8FgDrbwgiPS_fCcK2I0jUz_BFKx20H2-I5RD9Kzbqykw1ExFy5Ut17y7b_iOMT023N3gNpbkNFzTQWBQK4nSUwA03QNhwphN7P0gbRwMa0fcE/s400/702812_442544929126869_615545595_n.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Question:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
</div>
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">What can you observe from the
picture?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Based on the picture, which
one is faster? Give reason.</span></li>
<li><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">What substance have similar
representation with the elevator for this situation? And state its function .</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">What if there are two
elevators provided and what can you relate it with the time take for student to
arrive to the 6th floor.</span></li>
</ol>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Answer:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
</div>
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">In picture 1.0, the student
use the stairs to get to level 6 while in picture 2.0, those students, use an
elevator to get to level 6.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Based on these two ways, with
an elevator will quickly get over with the stairs. This is because, lift
provide an alternative pathway for the students to reach faster to get to level
6 compared by used the stairs.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Catalyst. Substance that provides an alternative
pathway to increase the rate of chemical reaction by lowering their activation
energies. However catalyst does not cause a reaction to occur, it only
increases the rate of the reaction that can occur even if the catalyst is
absent.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">The two elevators will make
the students arrive faster to the upper floor because when one of the elevator
is being used, they can get into the other one.</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">3.0 Empower <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">A.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Empower.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.3pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Steps:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 13.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Teacher explained today’s
experiment objective.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 13.5pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Objective:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
</div>
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Use a computer and gas
Pressure Sensor to measure the production of oxygen gas as hydrogen peroxide is
destroyed by the enzyme catalase or peroxidase at various enzyme catalase
concentrations.</span></li>
<li><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Measure and compare the
initial rates of reaction for this enzyme when different concentrations of
enzyme catalase react with H202.</span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><sub> </sub></span></li>
<li><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">To study the relationship
between H202 </span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">and enzyme catalase.</span></li>
</ol>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:rect
id="_x0000_s1033" style='position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;
margin-left:183.75pt;margin-top:18.65pt;width:88.5pt;height:34.5pt;
text-indent:0;z-index:8'/><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="height: 52px; left: 0px; margin-left: 244px; margin-top: 24px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 124px; z-index: 8;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td bgcolor="white" height="52" style="background: white; border: .75pt solid black; vertical-align: top;" width="124"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="left: 0pt; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; z-index: 8;"> FIGURE 1
</span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso & !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Student
are given:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX2ZZOVUXa7PfWC-6ph-VeBMx0SA22nc1hwYjNL1VK-icddo6hBNPkZzrO0i7OHDKufu4c_xXeJCcUZrG-ubRsz6BuTSeB5MzHAbtk1PIVfq5NUqT3nfsoUQkh-htvHGCMteH-feQMgNk/s1600/d2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX2ZZOVUXa7PfWC-6ph-VeBMx0SA22nc1hwYjNL1VK-icddo6hBNPkZzrO0i7OHDKufu4c_xXeJCcUZrG-ubRsz6BuTSeB5MzHAbtk1PIVfq5NUqT3nfsoUQkh-htvHGCMteH-feQMgNk/s320/d2.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
</div>
<ul>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Computer enzyme
suspension </span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Four test tube</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Vernier O2 Gas Sensor</span></li>
<li><span lang="MS" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 24px;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Dropper</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Test tube rack</span></li>
<li><span lang="MS" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 24px;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Stopper</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Enzyme catalase</span></li>
<li><span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"> 3% hydrogen peroxide</span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">3.
Student needs to plan an experiment to determine the effect of catalyst on the
rate of reaction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">4.
Student has to construct a hypothesis for this experiment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">5.
Student should know the effect of catalyst on the rate of reaction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">6.
Teacher will help the student to determine the variable involved.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;">7.
Teacher may give these instructions to start the experiment by using data
logger.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Procedure:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Connect
the Oxygen Gas Sensor to the computer interface. Prepare the computer for data <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">
collection by opening the file “02 (O2) Enzyme” from the Advanced
Biology with Vernier<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">
folder of LoggerPro.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkPjC-iLcav7XZp5mBlaICrWu7e4uKuQM0Jg3OSHhZ2364thHzN32dpWzGyWPekQ2Q-mavwOKElUFHLFyuSLp-mPNuNdrFREhGWx4aubPv0lep7l-SK1hO3hxBJRt_aofktqExbAG9cF0/s1600/d3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkPjC-iLcav7XZp5mBlaICrWu7e4uKuQM0Jg3OSHhZ2364thHzN32dpWzGyWPekQ2Q-mavwOKElUFHLFyuSLp-mPNuNdrFREhGWx4aubPv0lep7l-SK1hO3hxBJRt_aofktqExbAG9cF0/s320/d3.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> Click ‘Length’ menu .<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjioWDdmCrY15uVp7BMVRa7NllYtr4XByD_KgAJ2lFZqQp-TWmTeGrc2PfGRgA64QAdlRChWCapPdIY5gLUVxexOeTM03R9Tlc0LdkU_98eCi3AoykBtMUOzoF48m31cxNl5Bogw5z5ljk/s1600/d4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjioWDdmCrY15uVp7BMVRa7NllYtr4XByD_KgAJ2lFZqQp-TWmTeGrc2PfGRgA64QAdlRChWCapPdIY5gLUVxexOeTM03R9Tlc0LdkU_98eCi3AoykBtMUOzoF48m31cxNl5Bogw5z5ljk/s320/d4.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 9.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -9.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">3.</span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Change the length to 180 s, then click
‘ok’<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYgh7N0H4RLkTvPCVD51VHNEY-LtIY_0YWPMmqCeDHKGQbOxkIcfzdO_A5zN0WyIDkTatjXDQ5O_W4dDftK_6h2fct43l0fe4j-_85m1lNwuAAak_rr8cQJn6VGsCzbhMK_d-q6MQ89tU/s1600/d5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYgh7N0H4RLkTvPCVD51VHNEY-LtIY_0YWPMmqCeDHKGQbOxkIcfzdO_A5zN0WyIDkTatjXDQ5O_W4dDftK_6h2fct43l0fe4j-_85m1lNwuAAak_rr8cQJn6VGsCzbhMK_d-q6MQ89tU/s320/d5.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Place
four test tubes in a rack and label them 1, 2, 3 and 4. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZfslo1D5UJr7Vmtd2VvgT5h6WxGpSOPU-9mjbtJFLCR2sR4f37UlIgLvFHgK4KskrkNwfZ1sfM44wcuG035v1QHD0hkM1rXHX3V9efayeEfyLuD4zfQA3mF_Fg8uREITZgmkgTW7-ZOI/s1600/d6.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZfslo1D5UJr7Vmtd2VvgT5h6WxGpSOPU-9mjbtJFLCR2sR4f37UlIgLvFHgK4KskrkNwfZ1sfM44wcuG035v1QHD0hkM1rXHX3V9efayeEfyLuD4zfQA3mF_Fg8uREITZgmkgTW7-ZOI/s320/d6.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Fill
each test tube with 3 ml of water and 3 ml of 3% of </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span
lang=MS style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="p"/></m:rPr>H</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span lang=MS
style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;
mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span
lang=MS style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:
Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty
m:val="p"/></m:rPr>O</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span lang=MS
style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-hansi-font-family:Arial;
mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:24.75pt;height:15pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Dell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image010.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/Dell/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image011.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="33" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQN97NGOA37mOv7SythGLiy8w-o4h6iNrvIgoZJY1tReimo4O4zBYqYD_SfyQB6huRGl7jVZ5nSWB19gflAuKDdWypFgL5Do8ZrXTmMXI43vUsTIh0ytodC-VXXPTAYoVX7Y9N4_VMV0k/s1600/d7.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQN97NGOA37mOv7SythGLiy8w-o4h6iNrvIgoZJY1tReimo4O4zBYqYD_SfyQB6huRGl7jVZ5nSWB19gflAuKDdWypFgL5Do8ZrXTmMXI43vUsTIh0ytodC-VXXPTAYoVX7Y9N4_VMV0k/s320/d7.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Connect
the plastic tubing of the pressure sensor with the gentle half turned.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYHXCyVMsMqKLoekqrPRpwoAW9nqOyDXtIWXBLMHh_mC4Hhrb3x7UcmNSDl56w5atvSYS5XAidZJPBvQZruL5Wz3gPsyZ3rUMhlTsc-aHjMOt0dCPcVpVpzk456vr7CFNIyjl_Ce_StEo/s1600/d8.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYHXCyVMsMqKLoekqrPRpwoAW9nqOyDXtIWXBLMHh_mC4Hhrb3x7UcmNSDl56w5atvSYS5XAidZJPBvQZruL5Wz3gPsyZ3rUMhlTsc-aHjMOt0dCPcVpVpzk456vr7CFNIyjl_Ce_StEo/s320/d8.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Initiat</span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">e
the enzyme catalase</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> reaction as follow: </span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">a.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Placed
1 drop of enzyme catalase into test tube 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWOJvNavwDOizsFb1JSZQdTUOvNbkuV2_6agy1YPL8sJBTOnQBVtprTR9MEEhw9LrHdSqZVvjh8MTr9VlEeSY8C7J46YwUMztYYgp5bRj5ZdeYAAubRRTm4xxVkK1CA1KdAQEfOffTM8s/s1600/d9.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWOJvNavwDOizsFb1JSZQdTUOvNbkuV2_6agy1YPL8sJBTOnQBVtprTR9MEEhw9LrHdSqZVvjh8MTr9VlEeSY8C7J46YwUMztYYgp5bRj5ZdeYAAubRRTm4xxVkK1CA1KdAQEfOffTM8s/s320/d9.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">b. Quickly stopper the
tube.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdgEftS-tb5VA6ZzQnmZjuw_mzj2x00Tv4akSWCZeGlQYisW7oY1OQaonRElIjT0tJhCpjHwvBVetNlQpJbNn2YjtX6IE3sKYHMNxX-uMo6BI1_6Gb_eqrvbd1XfwdOPCQrRGNtajJaCE/s1600/d10.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdgEftS-tb5VA6ZzQnmZjuw_mzj2x00Tv4akSWCZeGlQYisW7oY1OQaonRElIjT0tJhCpjHwvBVetNlQpJbNn2YjtX6IE3sKYHMNxX-uMo6BI1_6Gb_eqrvbd1XfwdOPCQrRGNtajJaCE/s320/d10.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.1pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">c.
Swirled the test tube gently<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBjhTlcPf4qxYTLkHakmCj0bPQagd4TzcNmD-YlAxEGGiWfnXNF_vnf8I0Vc7ouLHrMwoSVUN5OC_iH5N_gZ1eC4sUpuE3V27nSQytxlqHsOdHWaHS9Uaqi3yMyjPYQcML8m-A1pcMUKI/s1600/d11.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBjhTlcPf4qxYTLkHakmCj0bPQagd4TzcNmD-YlAxEGGiWfnXNF_vnf8I0Vc7ouLHrMwoSVUN5OC_iH5N_gZ1eC4sUpuE3V27nSQytxlqHsOdHWaHS9Uaqi3yMyjPYQcML8m-A1pcMUKI/s320/d11.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">d. Connect the other
plastic tubing to the top of the stopper.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikg7AUsbv3RshLaPbglmQhtBNQ3pfDVWw-8Y2bQHzHMvo5-XOfFgzOrPq45oJSdW_gZlfbqBUOGvJDBXQexpVvMI09jSLVcVvhjZUXWevNO1sfl3nyIuykiP0Uqm-z6xRny7GzvsJBB38/s1600/d12.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikg7AUsbv3RshLaPbglmQhtBNQ3pfDVWw-8Y2bQHzHMvo5-XOfFgzOrPq45oJSdW_gZlfbqBUOGvJDBXQexpVvMI09jSLVcVvhjZUXWevNO1sfl3nyIuykiP0Uqm-z6xRny7GzvsJBB38/s320/d12.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.1pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">e. Then,
start the data collection. Continue to swirled 3 minutes of data collection.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Y2gsTVQKzUEAYIQrn_ulIF_xb41pHvIfPKmcd0-7_Vhi7vp-MgK5zljY5FG6A6aU8za0vzs_N9HPvkfl4S-OUjwwnp42v-D6s7h2BKG7ke46_H359BMMnmJqTxezCv9QCgxehnwoQ-I/s1600/d13.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Y2gsTVQKzUEAYIQrn_ulIF_xb41pHvIfPKmcd0-7_Vhi7vp-MgK5zljY5FG6A6aU8za0vzs_N9HPvkfl4S-OUjwwnp42v-D6s7h2BKG7ke46_H359BMMnmJqTxezCv9QCgxehnwoQ-I/s320/d13.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 49.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.1pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">f. Once, data collector is
finished, removed the stopper from the top of the test tube.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidFKe4xikGNiAaCENac70anLr-E8jFlFgpNDUmOFIh5-sPpniCiU4yTQxbqy9hNllqt5d27GCAmYOYhXRCcUnUe_xipUSqtNJoly27pxi_CI6YCwwKQ3TU-PFJzOT3ohlVTYDoyU_Nn8s/s1600/d14.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidFKe4xikGNiAaCENac70anLr-E8jFlFgpNDUmOFIh5-sPpniCiU4yTQxbqy9hNllqt5d27GCAmYOYhXRCcUnUe_xipUSqtNJoly27pxi_CI6YCwwKQ3TU-PFJzOT3ohlVTYDoyU_Nn8s/s320/d14.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">To
determine the rate at which oxygen was produced, click analyze menu and choose
curve fit, and then click pressure.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9BNHsobQzg8E62RLCi5_7h7cmGak5r2DNxkmOBtkIBV__UXCm7cywHrkrxHC7yXvmB17h9HtH8LXyRq7gewiatIwlfIFlAhQGsehXwgPr8PPj3foSwQwh30nkpiHYwVm4hioJ3-07cUY/s1600/d15.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9BNHsobQzg8E62RLCi5_7h7cmGak5r2DNxkmOBtkIBV__UXCm7cywHrkrxHC7yXvmB17h9HtH8LXyRq7gewiatIwlfIFlAhQGsehXwgPr8PPj3foSwQwh30nkpiHYwVm4hioJ3-07cUY/s320/d15.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">9.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Fold
down fit equation menu and choose linear, then click ‘ok’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKIdaXHYMd4IYdbDOadcwjId60HOs1uDJIc_q7r2p5ASWzkK_PIYeP0H54xmfdgbUguJy1tV2rTMRdIm1WVBi7nhYv2q-TIGhuqmX80hqSTiw3PIzfjwZTKUHVQ7KeN02GfkZj1ZMqiuw/s1600/d16.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKIdaXHYMd4IYdbDOadcwjId60HOs1uDJIc_q7r2p5ASWzkK_PIYeP0H54xmfdgbUguJy1tV2rTMRdIm1WVBi7nhYv2q-TIGhuqmX80hqSTiw3PIzfjwZTKUHVQ7KeN02GfkZj1ZMqiuw/s320/d16.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 13.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 21.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">10.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">The slope will represent the
rate at which oxygen was produced.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 13.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">11. Repeat
the experiment with different enzyme catalase concentration with 2, 3 and 4
drops of enzyme catalase into test tube 2, 3 and 4 labeled test tubes.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">12. After
completing the experiment, you can show all rums of experiment by choose ‘Run
4’ and then click ‘All runs’.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 13.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-no-proof: yes;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_16" o:spid="_x0000_i1029"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;height:153.75pt;visibility:visible;
mso-wrap-style:square'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Dell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image050.png"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">13. Compared all the graphs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9Y9gbM4XdVAMgELdafmc4Vf3extmDJkL_RY9KPD0G9CbF4rv-Bs4usTPszP186sErvSXF6ueFSW0uQ8C9HMd8BBSuefRex5qgZOYEB9nsASJVDFezr5Sn_GzkNmRzeKefT_oatp1IO8Y/s1600/d20.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9Y9gbM4XdVAMgELdafmc4Vf3extmDJkL_RY9KPD0G9CbF4rv-Bs4usTPszP186sErvSXF6ueFSW0uQ8C9HMd8BBSuefRex5qgZOYEB9nsASJVDFezr5Sn_GzkNmRzeKefT_oatp1IO8Y/s320/d20.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 13.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Results:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9Y9gbM4XdVAMgELdafmc4Vf3extmDJkL_RY9KPD0G9CbF4rv-Bs4usTPszP186sErvSXF6ueFSW0uQ8C9HMd8BBSuefRex5qgZOYEB9nsASJVDFezr5Sn_GzkNmRzeKefT_oatp1IO8Y/s1600/d20.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9Y9gbM4XdVAMgELdafmc4Vf3extmDJkL_RY9KPD0G9CbF4rv-Bs4usTPszP186sErvSXF6ueFSW0uQ8C9HMd8BBSuefRex5qgZOYEB9nsASJVDFezr5Sn_GzkNmRzeKefT_oatp1IO8Y/s320/d20.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Question:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Which type of
catalyst that being used in this experiment?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Which
concentration of enzyme catalase having the highest rate of reaction?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">What type of
gas being produced?</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Compare the
four graphs and give reasons.</span></li>
</ol>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Answer:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Positive
catalyst. This is because a positive type of catalyst will increasethe rate of
reaction.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">4
drops of enzyme catalase.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Oxygen
gas.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; text-indent: -0.25in;"> </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">Based
the four graphs, we can see that the graph for 4 drops of enzyme catalase is
more slope followed by the 3 drops of enzymes catalase, 2 drops of enzymes and
the last one is graph for 1 drop of enzyme catalase. From this results it shows
that the higher concentration of enzyme catalase, the higher the pressure of
oxygen gas being detected by the pressure sensor, the graph also more slope. In
conclusion, the higher the concentration of enzyme catalase, the higher the
production of oxygen gas</span></li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">4.0 ENHANCE <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> Cloth 1</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgAMfjVj13FA2GGNUWf9N6JYC2lMQB8_eHH23OXQOQEp7p1RgPft9hrxnEUU4UWnAYggzYfXGZptbmmdUXPhb3xS90dfL8VUj1LJRg1TYX1pcXxKjG3ruS26jb5oVaBPhAG1ASfnbfJBI/s1600/d21.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgAMfjVj13FA2GGNUWf9N6JYC2lMQB8_eHH23OXQOQEp7p1RgPft9hrxnEUU4UWnAYggzYfXGZptbmmdUXPhb3xS90dfL8VUj1LJRg1TYX1pcXxKjG3ruS26jb5oVaBPhAG1ASfnbfJBI/s320/d21.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> <b> </b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinG65ILcaP3i4P4dB_qK8xcPn7HC0zMFimHuAOv5GUQ8K4FO6m6FMXWUXAjnk-Fd65yv0VCeKOC3ThH1pEUpjs4K9ESJuJtsHk8Kb0H92cdXAM9TT94IlY6OJ2r6qC5DEbI-S3vRyDkXA/s1600/Untitled.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinG65ILcaP3i4P4dB_qK8xcPn7HC0zMFimHuAOv5GUQ8K4FO6m6FMXWUXAjnk-Fd65yv0VCeKOC3ThH1pEUpjs4K9ESJuJtsHk8Kb0H92cdXAM9TT94IlY6OJ2r6qC5DEbI-S3vRyDkXA/s1600/Untitled.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinG65ILcaP3i4P4dB_qK8xcPn7HC0zMFimHuAOv5GUQ8K4FO6m6FMXWUXAjnk-Fd65yv0VCeKOC3ThH1pEUpjs4K9ESJuJtsHk8Kb0H92cdXAM9TT94IlY6OJ2r6qC5DEbI-S3vRyDkXA/s320/Untitled.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;">Cloth 2</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 150%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Statement:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> There are clothes that dirty with
oily food residue. Which one is better to wash the cloth that dirty with oily
food residue either the larger amount of powder detergent or the small amount
of powder detergent? Explain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Cloth 2 is clean better because it use
the larger amount of powder detergent to clean the cloth that dirty with oily
food residue. The increase amount of powder detergent would increase the rate
of reaction to occur. The cloth 1 is slow reaction occur because the small
amount of the powder detergent is use to clean a cloth. The detergent contains
protein enzymes that classified as proteases. These enzymes increase the
cleaning action of household detergent by accelerating the hydrolysis of oily
food residues, so that they could be more rapidly dispersed and emulsified in
water. The rate of reaction in hydrolysis of food residue is increase due the
larger amount of the detergent is use. The enzyme proteases are photolytic
enzymes that degraded protein by cleaving the peptide bonds, thus assisting in
the removal of protein-based stain such as blood and many types of food.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo6; tab-stops: 0in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">5.0<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Conclusion <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l10 level2 lfo6; tab-stops: 0in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<b><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> By
integrated the use of data logging in teaching and learning is very useful.
This is because it can help to develop logical understanding of the abstract
concept and at the same time they can obtain confirmation on the truthfulness
of the underlying process. Apart from that we can polish student thinking
skill, communication skill, be more creative and innovative, making decision
skill, etc. From all the skills stated, we can achieve the vision 2020 as the
student will be more creative and innovative to accomplish the development. The
students also able to think out of the box, as they can applied all the theory
practically and get clearer picture about the topic. From this method, it will
help them for not just aiming to excel in examination but also applied all the
theory they had learnt into daily life as to improve the quality of life. <b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; tab-stops: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">6.0 References <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Computer data logging.
Achieved on November 25, 2012 at <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span><span lang="MS"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_logging"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_logging</span></a></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Data logger. Achieved on
November 25, 2012 at <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span><span lang="MS"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_logger"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_logger</span></a></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 0in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Leonard R.N. Data logging in
the science classroom: Approaches to innovation. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Achieved
on November 25, 2012 at </span><span lang="MS"><a href="http://www.ipn.uni-kiel.de/projekte/esera/book/020-"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">http://www.ipn.uni-kiel.de/projekte/esera/book/020-</span></a></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">new.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Enzyme Action: Testing
Catalase Activity. Achieved on October 29, 2012 at <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span><span lang="MS"><a href="http://www.vernier.com/experiments/bwv/6b/enzyme_action_testing_catalase_"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">http://www.vernier.com/experiments/bwv/6b/enzyme_action_testing_catalase_</span></a></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">activity/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 0in 58.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">5.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Enzyme action: Testing
catalase activity (method 1- </span><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span
style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-ascii-font-family:"Cambria Math";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Cambria Math";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><span
lang=MS style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>O</m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><span
lang=MS style='font-family:"Cambria Math","serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr
m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-text-raise: -4.5pt; position: relative; top: 4.5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:12pt;height:15pt'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Dell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.png"
o:title="" chromakey="white"/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="20" src="file:///C:/Users/Dell/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="16" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> gas sensor). Achieved on November 1, 2012 at </span><span lang="MS"><a href="http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BIO-A-02A-COMP-enzyme_action.pdf"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">http://www2.vernier.com/sample_labs/BIO-A-02A-COMP-enzyme_action.pdf</span></a></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">6.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Factors affecting the
speed-rate of chemical reactions. Achieved on November 3, <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 96.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -24.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">2012</span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS"><a href="http://www.docbrown.info/page03/3_31rates.htm"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">http://www.docbrown.info/page03/3_31rates.htm</span></a></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">7.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">P. Robert-Jan Simons.
Authentic learning and ICT. Achieved on November 12, 2012 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> </span><span lang="MS"><a href="http://www.outlab.ie/forums/documents/the_use_of_datalogging_in_teaching_ph%20ysics_and_chem_in_second_level_schools_report_ie_111.pdf"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">http://www.outlab.ie/forums/documents/the_use_of_datalogging_in_teaching_ph
ysics_and_chem_in_second_level_schools_report_ie_111.pdf</span></a></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;">8.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Using ICT & data logging
for teaching and learning of science . Achieved on <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"> November
27, 2012 at </span><span lang="MS"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/educationsite/file/inside.pdf">http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/educationsite/file/inside.pdf</a></span></span><span lang="MS" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="MS"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="MS"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="MS"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 0in; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="MS"><br /></span></div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-21473796561775609672012-12-02T01:36:00.002-08:002012-12-02T17:54:37.014-08:00Modelling and Simulation In Teaching and Learning <b style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Objective:</span></b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">To understand how simulation can integrate in teaching and learning</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">To differentiate between the theory and simulation in teaching and learning</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">To understand the concept of the simple nitrogen cycle.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">1.0 What is a Model?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Model
define as the process of producing a model that are representation of the
construction and working of some system of interest. Shannon said model is a
representation of an object, a system or an idea in some from other than of the
entity itself. There are two types of models such as physical models and mathematical
models. The physical model such as the scale models, prototype plants and so
on. While the mathematical model are analytical models, linear programs,
simulation and so on. The model is used to enable the analyst to predict the
effect of changes to the system. Other than that, the model should not to be so
complex and it is impossible to understand and experiment with it. A good model
is a between realism and simplicity. The important issues in modeling are the
model validity. Model validation technique involved the simulation the model
under known input condition and the comparing model output with system output.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">2.0 What is a Simulation?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Simulation
of a system define as the operation of a model of the system. The model can be
reconfigured and experimented because it is impossible, too expensive or
impractical to do on the system which it portrays. The operation of the model
can be studied and from this properties concerning the behavior of the actual
system can be inferred. The simulation is used before existing the system is
altered and a new system is built. The simulation is used to reduce the chances
of failure to meet specifications and to prevent under or over-utilization of
resources. The simulation also used to optimize system performance. The
simulation designed to replicate a real-life situation. The students will
assume the roles as they analyze data, make decisions and solve the problems
inherent in the real situation. As the simulations is proceeds, the students
respond to changes within the situation by studying the consequences of their
decisions and predicting future problems.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> The simulation will include the time for
reflection and processing that will allow the students to share their
experiences, asses their learning and evaluate their assessments against the
intended outcomes of the simulations. Another, the simulation accomplishing the
objectives of the simulation activity, students often become interested in the
real world system on which it is based and what makes it work the way it does.
There are two types of simulation models such as static simulation model and
dynamic simulation model. A static simulation model is a representation of a
system at a particular point in time. The static simulation model usually refer
as a Monte Carlo Simulation. In Monte Carlo Simulation used to consider numerically determining the value
of π and involve the imagine throwing dart at square. It also can repeated as
many times as needed to get arbitrary precision. While a dynamic simulation
model is a representation of a system as it evolves over time. However, within
these two classifications, a simulation may be deterministic or stochastic. A deterministic
simulation model is one that contains no random variables and stochastic
simulation model contains one or more variables.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">There
are three types of the simulations such live simulations, virtual simulations
and constructive simulations. The live simulation are involved human or
equipment and activity in setting where they would operate for real. The
example of the live simulations are the testing a car battery using an
electrical tester. The virtual simulations involved human and equipment in a computer-controlled
setting. Time is discrete steps and allow users to concentrate on the important
stuff to speak. The flight simulator are the example of this simulations. The
constructive simulations not involve human or equipment as participants. Rather
than by time, they are driven more by the proper sequencing of events. The
science-based simulations are the example of the constructive simulations in
nature.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">3.0 Steps In Simulation and Model
Building<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">There
are steps in simulation and model building such as define an achievable goal
and put together a complete mix of skills on the team. The simulation and model
building also involve the end-user. A students must choose the appropriate
simulation tools and model must appropriate level of details and it must start
early to collect necessary input data. The simulation and model building also
provide adequate and on-going documentation and also develop a pelan for adequate model verification, a
pelan for model validation and a pelan for statistical output analysis. The
define of achievable goal are the goal selection is not cast in concrete and
goal can change with increasing insight. The step put together a complete mix
of skills on the team are the knowledge of the system must under investigation
and the students must know about model formulation and model Programming.
Students also must know about data collection skills and statistical skills
that involves the input data representations and the output data analysis.
Then, students must knows how to design of experiment and managements skills
involved. In the way to choose the appropriate simulations tools, there are
three alternatives exist such as build model in a general purpose language,
general simulation language and use a special purpose simulation package.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Next,
the modeling with general purpose language and it also has advantage and
disadvantage. The advantage are the little or no additional software cost and
no additional training involve while the disadvantage are every model start
from scratch, very little reusable code and difficult verification phase
involve. Besides, there are modeling with general simulation language. The
advantage are standardized features often needed in modeling and shorter
development cycle for each model. It also much assistance in model verification
and it very readable code. While the disadvantage are higher software cost is
used and the additional training are required and it also limited portability.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> The example of the general purpose
simulation language are GPSS, SIMSCRIPT II.5, MODSIM III, SIMULA, SLAM and
CSIM. GPSS are block-structured language and interpretive execution. The word
view of GPSS are transaction or facilities. SIMSCRIPT II.5 are English-like
problem description language and complete language. The word view of SIMSCRIPST
II.5 are processes, resources and continuous. MODSIM III are modern
object-oriented language and it is modularity compiled programs. SIMULA define
as the compiled program and it word view are in processes. SLAM are the block
structured language and interpretive execution. While CSIM are the
process-oriented language and it is C-based.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">4.0 Why Use Modelling and
Simulation in Teaching and Learning?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">There
are many reason to use simulation in the classroom. The first reason are the
simulation is important to promote concept attainment through experiential
practice. Simulations are good in helping students understand the concept or
circumstance. The students are deep learning when use simulations than other
activities. The deep learning are empowers understanding because it not opposed to surface learning, that
requires only memorization but it involved the good understanding. The deep learning are the important of model
building. The deep learning means the students knows the relationships among
variable in a model or models. Simulations allows students to change the value
of parameter and see what variable are important and the effects in variable
when they change in parameters. The simulation is similar with science
laboratory class because the process itself will educates the students to
learns more in this simulation activity. The students can learns scientific
method such as the importance of model building and they know that the
experiments or simulations is a scientific do the work. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Instructional
simulations have proven their worth many times over in the statistics based
fields. The deep learning are the ability to match simulation results with an
analytically derived conclusion is especially valuable in beginning classes,
where students often struggle with sampling theory. The data issues, sampling
theory and the probability is involved in learn scientific methods. The
simulations helps students understand probability and sampling theory. The
stimulations help students learn to reflect on and extend knowledge by actively
engaging in students-student or instructor-students conversations.
Instructional simulations by their very nature cannot be passive learning. The
students also can transfer knowledge to new problems and situations and the
students also understanding and refining their own thought processes. The
advantages of simulations are the activity become enjoyable, motivating
activity and the simulations also promotes the critical thinking of students.
The disadvantage of simulation are the preparations time and the costs of the
activity and the assessment is more complex than some traditional teaching
methods. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Simulations
are useful teaching strategy for illustrating a complex and changing situation.
In the simulation strategy, the students are involved in this activity and it
trigger students to enjoy themselves in this simulation strategy. Simulation will
help teacher to teach in class better and it is less complex than the
situations they should represents. The teaching with data simulations provides
students opportunities to simulate data in order to answer a particular
research question or to solve a problem. There are a few way to use simulation
such as physical simulation of a process. In this physical simulation, the
repeated sample is used to stimulate a sampling distribution. Next, the
simulating a game or situation to estimate the chance of certain and better
outcome. This is a good way to find good strategy. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Besides,
using the probability models to simulate data that to estimate the chance of
particular outcome, maybe more interesting outcome. We also can stimulate data
while varying parameters to illustrate a concept or deepen students
understanding of the process of the learning in classroom. The students
confidence and the level understanding is observed. Other than that, simulation
are use to generate data under a certain theory to test the understanding of
students in certain subjects in classroom. Students are doing a simulation when
they use a model behavior to gain a better understanding of that behavior. For
example, when students create a electric circuit with an online program, they
are learning about physics theory by simulating an actual physical set-up. The
simulations may conducted with computers, pencils and paper or physical models
of some natural phenomenon.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">5.0 When to Use Simulation and
Modeling In Teaching and Learning?<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Simulation
is used in teaching and learning method can considered whenever the curricular
material can be learner or student learning of material can be evaluated when
their participation in real world situation in which their choice of actions
determines the outcome of the situations.
The teaching with simulation require the time commitment and carefully
organizational scheme for the teacher. The teacher need to designing or
adapting the simulations to fit the unique needs a group of students, teaching
content and skill necessary to participate in the simulation. Teacher also must
observing students interactions, monitoring and adjusting the simulation
as assessing students learning,
evaluating the simulations as learn5ing experience and presenting the learning
activity with a great excitement. Teacher must allow time throughout the
simulation for discussion. This is because the teacher much do the work to the
simulation being run, teacher time during the simulation ia available for observation
and coaching which are excellent ways to success of the students learning.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Besides, students learn best by
doing and forming concepts through experience. With the simulations, the
students can create system with which students can interact and explore to gain
the understanding of that system. If the students do not understand points,
they can try experimenting with the system and observes the result. The
simulation provide explore that students can explore domains that would
otherwise be too time-consuming, expensive or dangerous. Then, students also
can focus, which they facilitate the removal of complexity and detail from the model
and focusing only on the aspects of the models that are most relevant to the
learning. The visualization are they make it easier to visualize dynamic or
complex parameter involved. The motivation, students motivate by providing
context, encourage active involvement and arouse interest. Lastly, the control
and practice. The control can make students control timing and detail, they can
explore experiment, hypothesize and test the experiment with simulations. The
practice are make students do misconceptions and it also allow students to learn from their mistakes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">6.0 Application in Model and
Simulation<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">There
are application in model and simulation such as</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Designing and analyzing manufacturing
system</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Evaluating H/W and S/W requirements for
a computer system</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Evaluating a new military weapon systems
or tactics.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">Determining ordering policies for an
inventory system</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">Designing communications systems and
message protocols for them.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">Designing and operating transportation
facilities such as freeways, airports, subways or pots.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">Evaluating designs for service
organizations such as hospitals, post office or fast-food restaurants</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">Analyzing financial or economic systems.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">7.0 Design Constructivist lesson
that integrates Modelling and Simulation.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The
design constructivist lesson that integrate are modeling and simulations are
STELLA software. The STELLA software are offer a practical way to dynamically
visualize and communicate how complex systems and ideas really. The STELLA
software are consists of constructing
mental models and simulating the model in order to draw the conclusions
and make decisions. The next to use model STELLA are students need to search in
Google and click create account. Then,
students need to fill the details and email address and click sign in. After sign in, students can downloads for
window , STELLA trial for 30 days. Then, students need to choose sample model
from the STELLA Trial and the sample can use. The experiments of the simple
nitrogen cycle model and simulation control panel has choose in this experiment
and the experiment is repeated because the parameter is adjusted. The students
need to adjusted the parameter to get the different result of the simple
nitrogen cycle experiment that use simulation techniques.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The
STELLA software has the model building process that is facilitated by using
structural diagrams which give a visual insight into the elements of the model
and their logical links. Once the models of a particular process are
constructed and all the elements defined and choose correctly then the
operation of the process can be simulated by running the model and the results
produced will tested again to get the correct and reality once. The parameter of the simulation control panel
can adjusted, re-run and tested again. This will provides an interactive
process for model development and improved the simulation. The package of
course allow for the monitoring and output of the numerical values of the
selected parameter but it also has a powerful graphical facility which allow
the changes of any parameter over time to be plotted and plots of any variable
against another.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> The STELLA software can help students to
better understanding of this experiment and students will get more knowledge
from this experiments. Students can also know the parameter of this experiment
and the result if the parameter is change. In this experiment, teacher will
explain the reason of use this software and the result of used this software.
Teacher also will help students to trigger themselves to conduct this
experiment in repeated. Teacher also explain about simulation and the
relationship of the experiment with the simulation software. Besides, in this
experiment, teacher will give example and students will follow the next
experiment that involved the simulation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">8.0 The Simple Nitrogen Cycle</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The
nitrogen is the most abundant element in the Earth’s atmosphere. All living
things need nitrogen to build proteins and other important body chemicals. The
nitrogen cycle is the main reservoir is the atmosphere, which is about 80
percentage of nitrogen. The Simple Nitrogen Cycle occur when nitrogen cannot be
absorbed directly by the plants and animals until it is converted into the
compounds that they can use. The triple covalent bonds hold two atoms of
nitrogen gas together (N<sub>2</sub>). Plants cannot use gaseous nitrogen
because they cannot breaks these bonds. The certain types of bacteria are able
to use the free nitrogen in the air to make nitrogen compounds through a
process called nitrogen fixation. The bacteria breaks the bonds in N<sub>2 </sub>and
use the nitrogen atoms to form ammonium. The nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria live
in aquatic habitats, soils and as components of lichens. The another group of
nitrogen fixing bacteria that live and grows inside structure on the roots are
the nodules on the roots of pea and other legumes, which include beans, clover,
peanuts and peas.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Then plant take up ammonium from
soil and plant use it In the metabolic reactions. The consumes get the nitrogen
after they eating plants that contains nitrogen or the eat one other. The
bacterial and fungal decomposer that and break down wastes and remains return
ammonium to the soil. The process that involves to converts nitrates from
ammonium are the nitrification. This process involved two steps such as the
first step are ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaeans convert ammonium to
nitrite. The second step are the bacteria convert nitrites to nitrates. The
nitrates are taken up and used by producers. The next process are
denitrification process, this occur when the denitrifying bacteria that use
nitrate for energy produce nitrogen gas that escapes into the atmosphere.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKSpaGs0x-vgpBXLCkeDvHyA8MLxmxzC7wnxMctgnxMb_byLf6ZQSgwD_-eDBPjHua4rmFzoXmsQ59PH4xwab94qNsboxKPhHFJsd8mQz_9-Ijx1SZfYHpLPCP6CLQsEtgpzHoLhB6NpU/s1600/nitrogen.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKSpaGs0x-vgpBXLCkeDvHyA8MLxmxzC7wnxMctgnxMb_byLf6ZQSgwD_-eDBPjHua4rmFzoXmsQ59PH4xwab94qNsboxKPhHFJsd8mQz_9-Ijx1SZfYHpLPCP6CLQsEtgpzHoLhB6NpU/s400/nitrogen.gif" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t75" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f">
<v:stroke joinstyle="miter">
<v:formulas>
<v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0">
<v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0">
<v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1">
<v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2">
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth">
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight">
<v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1">
<v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2">
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth">
<v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0">
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight">
<v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0">
</v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:formulas>
<v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" o:extrusionok="f">
<o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit">
</o:lock></v:path></v:stroke></v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1029" style="height: 230.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 431.25pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\Dell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The Nitrogen Cycle<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">9.0 The Graph of the Science Lesson
that Using Modelling and Simulation<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The
graph of the nitrogen cycle that use the simulation control panel are used to
help the students to get the deep learning in the nitrogen cycle experiment. A well done
simulations is constructed to include an extension to a new problem or new set
of parameters that requires students to extend what they have learned in an
earlier context. The graph of the
simulation will shows the parameter involves in the experiment such as in the
nitrogen cycle, the parameter are humification fraction, mineralization
fraction, nitrogen per unit biomass and fraction productivity. Students need to
explore this types of simulation and the get the experiences through this
simulations. The analysis results of the simulations will happen. The analysis
of results are the process of analyzing the simulation outputs to draw
inferences and make recommendation for problem resolution.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj47E3km-Irb8jUdTwVmvOilTnythCLWfAVoUi8l9K_tx865F36iLyogQjjeU4_uLmdOwfxYZ0CqohHuWRKkrSeqgk1nP-y1avGh9PbMxFLW6kkIQGM8ICWhBbyl6fXMdKHYkuu9U9rBaE/s1600/n1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="346" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj47E3km-Irb8jUdTwVmvOilTnythCLWfAVoUi8l9K_tx865F36iLyogQjjeU4_uLmdOwfxYZ0CqohHuWRKkrSeqgk1nP-y1avGh9PbMxFLW6kkIQGM8ICWhBbyl6fXMdKHYkuu9U9rBaE/s400/n1.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1028" style="height: 428.25pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 493.5pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\Dell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image002.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Graph 1 : Normal Graph<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">From
the graph 1, the relationship on the humification fraction, mineralization fraction,
nitrogen per unit biomass and the fixation productivity is effect for the
distribution of simple nitrogen cycle in the system. This is a normal graph and
it act as the control for other graph. Based on the graph, teacher will explain the
parameter involved in this experiment. Teacher also try to conduct the
experiment that act as the example of the simulation occur in this experiment. The
teacher also must provide sufficient time for students to reflect on and
discuss what they learned from the graph and the simulation. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Teacher
will help the students and teacher ask the students about the simulation that
occur can make they understand about the nitrogen cycle. This graph is
important to show the different that occur when we change the parameter of
variable that involve in this experiment. The different parameter effect the
graph but there are variable do not give effect if we change it parameter. That parameter are act as the constant
variable in the experiment using simulations. This graph act as control in this
simple nitrogen cycle model using the simulation control panel. Besides, this
graph will help students to better understanding of the simple nitrogen cycle.
From the normal graph, the normal value for the humification fraction are
0.2500 and for mineralization fraction are 0.0500. The nitrogen per unit
biomass are 0.1000 and the normal for fixation productivity are 0.00001. The graph
above show the result are constant for all parameter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The
next graph, teacher change the parameter and the result of the graph also change.
The parameter that change in the graph 2 are the humification fraction. This is
mean the effect of the change in humification fraction in nitrogen cycle. If
the parameter of the humification fraction is increase, the nitrogen in humus
also increase and the nitrogen cycle is increase. The bacteria breaks the bonds
in N<sub>2 </sub>and use the nitrogen atoms to form ammonium. The humification
fraction is increase from 0.2500 to 0.3500. Teacher change the graph of the
parameter because to trigger students about the factor of huminification
fraction on the nitrogen on human in the nitrogen cycle. The change of
mineralization fraction also change if the huminification fraction is changed.
The decrease of nitrogen in organic matter because the bacteria breaks the nitrogen
to form the ammonium. The nitrogen in biomass and the available nitrogen is
constant and no change if the huminification fraction change. The
mineralization fraction is act as the limiting factor because the result show
it is decrease if the huminification fraction is increase. The nitrogen per
unit biomass and fixation productivity is constant variable in graph 2.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO4dvY66OEZ7jkilWXaMkPyg5PQMRVs7f-jynH2qyZOWunXl1BGywloEeeI_iSLnPDLrKsA7nR-a25JbfZSBr_3NZNqHRkxuWI-QdMYXeEP6jdlZeNfOIh34FpOLH3xcOJKmoUwxA-dK0/s1600/n2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="341" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO4dvY66OEZ7jkilWXaMkPyg5PQMRVs7f-jynH2qyZOWunXl1BGywloEeeI_iSLnPDLrKsA7nR-a25JbfZSBr_3NZNqHRkxuWI-QdMYXeEP6jdlZeNfOIh34FpOLH3xcOJKmoUwxA-dK0/s400/n2.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" style="height: 402.75pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 471pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\Dell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Graph 2 : The effect on
humification on Nitrogen Cycle<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">From
the graph 2, we can observe the relationship of humification fraction effect on
the distribution of the simple nitrogen cycle on the system. The graph show
that humanification is increase for the early cycle and then it is constant
while the nitrogen in organic cycle decrease early cycle and it is constant.
The process of humification can occur naturally in soil or in the production of
compost. The important of chemically stable humus is thought by some to be
fertility it that provides to soils in both a physical and chemical sense
through some agricultural experts put a greater focus on other features of it
such as its ability to suppress disease. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The
humification process helps soil to retain moisture by increase microposity and
it also encourages the formation of good soil structure. Humus allows soil that
contain organisms to feed and reproduce and it often described as the life
force of the soil. The humus is a highly complex substances and it is decomposing
organic matter in that the soil. Teacher must explain the why the result is
change and why the simulation give the better explanation about the nitrogen
cycle. The simulation also give the motivation to students to explore more
about this nitrogen cycle and the other factor effect on this nitrogen cycle.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikYAk52-UmIymqGZq4EW8kOCQP-a07ukXwBGVwBgymCapWqAfZSHsVFPEQIpRdsLlkaSLGUAaa0VhbJAYLmxbQUu7Jj6Jtpr16ot2K2w9ZZ6Ds6lacR5mVWgKNENnW5_1Iymf_o_v-esA/s1600/n3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikYAk52-UmIymqGZq4EW8kOCQP-a07ukXwBGVwBgymCapWqAfZSHsVFPEQIpRdsLlkaSLGUAaa0VhbJAYLmxbQUu7Jj6Jtpr16ot2K2w9ZZ6Ds6lacR5mVWgKNENnW5_1Iymf_o_v-esA/s400/n3.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_3" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" style="height: 378pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 471pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\Dell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image004.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Graph 3 : The effect of the
Mineralization Fraction On Nitrogen Cycle<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> From the graph 3, the mineralization
fraction is change and the result of the experiment also changed. Teacher run
this graph to observed the change of the mineralization fraction because the
nitrogen in organic matter also change and it is increase. Teacher explain the
result of the graph and teacher also discuss about the huminification fraction
that also change in this experiment. The mineralization is change from 0.1000
to 0.1500. The nitrogen in humus is decrease and the nitrogen in organic matter
is increase. The bacterial and fungal decomposer that and break down wastes and
remains return ammonium to the soil. The process that involves to converts
nitrates from ammonium are the nitrification. This process involved two steps
such as the first step are ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaeans convert
ammonium to nitrite. The second step are the bacteria convert nitrites to
nitrates.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> After teacher explain about this
graph, teacher try again and increase the mineralization fraction to the higher
value and the result are observed. Teacher used this way because teacher want
students to observed the humification fraction, nitrogen in humus and the
nitrogen in organic matter. The
humification fraction is act as the limiting factor in graph 3. From the graph
3, the students know more details the relationship of humanification fraction
and the mineralization fraction. The teacher will explain the relationship
between graph 2 and the graph 3. Students will get better understanding about
the nitrogen cycle.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span>
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqIs9rQM5U307oPbhcmQx6kdnkAEW8flijtZq-4mw9-nKRsfGqdQOBoGegOQMRVOdIm0lNxdb8aZiTa5oBMp2FXOdkXi9P_v2Pr0lav5ODnyok1uzGToSzQVK3DzeudSu8l3MfcGIqAAg/s1600/n4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="290" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqIs9rQM5U307oPbhcmQx6kdnkAEW8flijtZq-4mw9-nKRsfGqdQOBoGegOQMRVOdIm0lNxdb8aZiTa5oBMp2FXOdkXi9P_v2Pr0lav5ODnyok1uzGToSzQVK3DzeudSu8l3MfcGIqAAg/s400/n4.png" width="400" /></span></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_4" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" style="height: 342.75pt; mso-wrap-style: square; visibility: visible; width: 473.25pt;" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\Dell\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image005.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><b>Graph
4 : The effect of the nitrogen per unit biomass and fixation productivity.</b><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">From
the graph 4, teacher run the next graph to observed the effect of the nitrogen
per unit biomass and the fixation productivity on the nitrogen cycle. Teacher
explain what is the nitrogen per unit biomass and teacher also explain about
what is the fixation productivity. The graph show that the nitrogen per unit
biomass does not effect the nitrogen in humus and the nitrogen in organic
matter. This is because the nitrogen per unit biomaas is the result of the both
either the nitrogen in humus or the nitrogen in organic matter. The fixation
productivity also same with the nitrogen per unit biomass. The factor that effect on the nitrogen cycle are
the humification fraction and the mineralization fraction.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Teacher discuss the result with students and
ask students to try do the experiments twice because students may confuse about
the result of the graph. This simulation helps students to get better
experience and improve their knowledge. Students must discuss with each other
why the graph is not change with the normal graph. Students also can explore
the sample, for example the nitrogen cycle. This will trigger students to deep
learning of the fixation productivity factor and the nitrogen per unit biomass
factor. The students will ask for teacher about the graph and the teacher must
explain clearly about the reasons of the graph.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">10.0 Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The
modeling and the simulation is easy way to do the experiment. This is because
it is not waste the time but it is safe the time. The modeling and simulation
are used to give the clear explanations for students to better understanding
about the subject either in biology, physics, mathematic and chemistry. The
nitrogen cycle simulation control panel are the constructive simulation because
it not involved human and equipment but it must construct with the STELLA
software, that must be download first. The STELLA software are design to help
students better understanding of the experiment. The STELLA software ia s
simple software and it is easy to use. Students must use this software because
it is free for 30 day. The experiment with Stella software are save and it contain the experiment of
biology subject, physics subject, chemistry subject and mathematic subject.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Teacher must show this software to
all their students because it will help a students. The STELLA software contain
the modelling and the simulation of the experiment. The simulation that use are
involved the factor of parameter. The parameter of the experiment are depend on
the types of the experiment. If the parameter is change, the result will
change. The software can monitor students to get the knowledge and the
experiments can repeated. The software are interesting to use. The STELLA
software are suitable used in this modelling and simulation because it is easy
to explore and retest for the experiment. The effect of modeling and simulation
either increase to use it. During the simulations students perform tasks enable
them to learn or have their learning evaluated. Besides, the students can
participate in the simplified system and learn how the real system operates
without spending the days, weeks or years, it would take to undergo this
experience in the real world.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> Other than that, the periodic
simulation provide the opportunity for students to collect their individual
experiences, discuss the general ideas that contain in the simulation and the
relate these ideas to the real world situation. It is important modeling and simulation
in students experience because the simulations helps students get the new
experience when they conduct the experiment with simulation, the parameter
involved, the result and the explanations from teachers is the guide during the
experiment with simulation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">References:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Anu Maria (1997). Introduction to Modelling and
Simulation. University of New York: NewYork. Taken at November 21, 2012 from http://www.inf.utfsm.cl/~hallende/download/Simul-22002/Introduction_to_Modeling_and_Simulation.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Beth Chance & Allan Rossman (2006). Using
Simulation To Teach and Learn Statistics.Californis Polytechnic State
University: United State. Taken at November 23, 2012 fromhttp://www.stat.auckland.ac.nz/~iase/publications/17/7E1_CHAN.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Jane Dunkel Chilcott (1996). Effective Use Of
Simulation In The Classroom taken at November 30, 2012 fromhttp://www.clexchange.org/ftp/documents/Implementation/IM1996-01EffectiveUseOfSims.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Danielle Dupuis & Joan Garfield (2012). Teaching
With Data Simulation taken on December 1,2012 taken from </span><a href="http://serc.carleton.edu/sp/library/datasim/index.html"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">http://serc.carleton.edu/sp/library/datasim/index.html</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Teaching Method Simulation taken at November 27,
2012 taken from</span><a href="http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/mcvittiej/lessons/simulation.html"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/mcvittiej/lessons/simulation.html</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">STELLA
software taken at November 25, 2012 taken from<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.iseesystems.com/resources/Articles/STELLA_IST.pdf"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">http://www.iseesystems.com/resources/Articles/STELLA_IST.pdf</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Why
Should I Use Simulations taken at November 25, 2012 taken from<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.jelsim.org/training/introduction/simulation.html"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">http://www.jelsim.org/training/introduction/simulation.html</span></a><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Institute
for Simulation & Training taken at November 23, 2012 taken from<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><a href="http://www.ist.ucf.edu/background.htm">http://www.ist.ucf.edu/background.htm</a></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-2787524820495029332012-12-02T01:14:00.000-08:002012-12-02T01:16:10.419-08:00Data Logging Slide<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="486" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" mozallowfullscreen="mozallowfullscreen" scrolling="no" src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/15448540" style="border-width: 1px 1px 0; border: 1px solid #CCC; margin-bottom: 5px;" webkitallowfullscreen="webkitallowfullscreen" width="597"> </iframe> <br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
<strong> <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/SyafiqahRazale/data-logging-rate-of-reaction" target="_blank" title="Data logging (rate of reaction)">Data logging (rate of reaction)</a> </strong> from <strong><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/SyafiqahRazale" target="_blank">Syafiqah Razale</a></strong> </div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-82214114835125505812012-11-26T17:43:00.003-08:002012-11-26T17:43:47.880-08:00Video 2<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This video is about The Principle Of Soy Souce Making. This video will tell about the journey of making soy sauce salt and soy sauce sugar. This experiment involved seven weeks in the Food Laboratory, KSAS, proton city and the Fermentation process is occur. There are some microorganism are present in this experiment....Hope u all enjoy watching this simple video....</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dz2v0xf_PXFACB9VTKdx-QzxzCzqF7jBQaO2Bn6EDQ7gKgURvsoEPFxfNw-IF56hrP7vTVBBISncBkoyf7rIw' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-23700064676314131792012-11-23T22:25:00.005-08:002012-11-23T22:25:57.691-08:00Window Media Player<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hello and Assalamualaikum..</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Window Media Player is a properietary digital media player and media library application that developed by Microsoft that used for playing audio, video and viewing images on personal computer running the Microsoft Windows operating system. Besides, the Window Media Player has the ability to rip music from and copy music to compact disc, burn recordable disc in Audio CD format or as data disc with playlists as an MP3 CD, MP3 player or other mobiles devices. Windows Media Player also supports not only PC platform but also support for Windows Mobile platform.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpuE-nTQSMhTLmJwOu-uKCqBS4Qc5q5L0xz8Fua0m47o_8WccSopKW4MVE2rmYU-ObFruXxRTBL4ypLKIkFZAe1qNqIY0fUffBelVZ0aAylIwBTxZHWLaRhtdSQJEUVyVzFNSrP5YRSDM/s1600/media-player-playlist.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpuE-nTQSMhTLmJwOu-uKCqBS4Qc5q5L0xz8Fua0m47o_8WccSopKW4MVE2rmYU-ObFruXxRTBL4ypLKIkFZAe1qNqIY0fUffBelVZ0aAylIwBTxZHWLaRhtdSQJEUVyVzFNSrP5YRSDM/s320/media-player-playlist.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-71747937294539519282012-11-23T10:29:00.002-08:002012-11-23T10:29:32.915-08:00Interactive Whiteboards<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hello and assalamualaikum..</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Interactive whiteboards are connected physically to a computer and a projector by a USB cable, or wireless using technology such as Bluetooth, the whiteboard display typically emulates the computer mouse and keyboard and is operated by using a special pen, or finger touch, depending on the model. Either front or rear projection models can be used and software is available to support all learning areas. It has advantages and disadvantages such as :</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Advantages</span></b><br />
<br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">cost effective resources</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">quick and easy to access to information</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Safe search for searching the internet</span></li>
</ul>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Disadvantages</b></span></div>
<div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ineffective and incorrect resources</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Searched internet content not suitable for students visions</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Used as just a projector</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Cost of downloading website</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Need to either type into the browser bar using the keyboard connection or use the on-screen keyboard which is small and hard to used is not calibrated right.</span></li>
</ul>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeA6OXtEoR_hcrPGuZJ237md2cldNeENmWs0hyphenhyphensGQp3qrulYwdx_oC7R79RyjpiXvg65SlX4jAThAIxk2nO2IjlCj6HIHon0SMYpk7bYlHxDg1gUFszQoRDV_vpoY73ooXZbDz4fCFpJU/s1600/demo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="331" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeA6OXtEoR_hcrPGuZJ237md2cldNeENmWs0hyphenhyphensGQp3qrulYwdx_oC7R79RyjpiXvg65SlX4jAThAIxk2nO2IjlCj6HIHon0SMYpk7bYlHxDg1gUFszQoRDV_vpoY73ooXZbDz4fCFpJU/s400/demo.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-7090159664972677202012-11-23T10:05:00.000-08:002012-11-23T10:15:51.393-08:00Introduction to data logging<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hello and Assalamualaikum....</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The data logging are any device that can be used to store data. This include the data devices such as plug-in boards or serial communication systems which use a computer as a real time data recording system. The most instrument manufactures consider a data logger a stand alone device that can read various types of electrical signals and store the data in internal memory for later downloads to a computer. Data loggers are available in various shapes and sizes. It is easy to connect and set up sensors and the logging systems is more rugged and less power hungry and making it capable of running on batteries for longer periods of time. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3pPjcjmXtIKJIetn5sSPb5B4MxWFyHCf_fYy7sNWGbog8LBdavD5gjRpLVVpjSLc3Y-iNrF5L4IT_HUeMeEguyKZGmb7cx9viKSEkkZqiFlqyv006AfzGQbl6hVk4If5NyEHBoq76lYE/s1600/science+and+data+logging.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3pPjcjmXtIKJIetn5sSPb5B4MxWFyHCf_fYy7sNWGbog8LBdavD5gjRpLVVpjSLc3Y-iNrF5L4IT_HUeMeEguyKZGmb7cx9viKSEkkZqiFlqyv006AfzGQbl6hVk4If5NyEHBoq76lYE/s400/science+and+data+logging.png" width="400" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: start;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: start;">Using computers to record data has a number of</span><span style="text-align: start;"> </span><span style="text-align: start;"><b>advantages</b></span><span style="text-align: start;"> </span><span style="text-align: start;">over recording data manually :</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<ul style="text-align: start;">
<li>Measurements are always taken at the right time. Unlike a human the computer will not forget to take a reading or take a reading too late or too early.</li>
<li>Mistakes are not made in reading the results. Humans can make errors. For example it is quite easy to misread the temperature using the scale on a thermometer.</li>
<li>Data logging devices can be sent to places that humans can not easily get to. e.g. to the planet Mars, into the bottom of a volcano, or onto a roof of a tall building to get to a weather station.</li>
<li>Graphs and tables of results can be produced automatically by the data logging software.</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: start;">
The main <b>disadvantage</b> of using a data logging system is</div>
<div style="text-align: start;">
</div>
<ul>
<li>the cost of the equipment is expensive.</li>
<li>the cost for the repair of equipment also expensive.</li>
<li>the equipment must use in the proper used.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span></div>
</span>wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-72785825236506574202012-11-21T05:59:00.001-08:002012-11-21T05:59:32.367-08:00Blog and Paint<br />
Hello and assalamualaikum...<br />
<div>
The second is the practical class ICT related PAINT, BLOG and PRINT SCREEN. Through this class we will learn about creating a blog and how to use paint software and how to use the print screen button.<br />
<br />
Use software to print screen button is also similar to the use of copy and paste but use print screen easier. By using the print screen button image or a page that we can be saved with a quick view.<br />
<br />
We can also save time by pressing the button 'ctrl' and button 'print screen' on google page and paste the desired image on other software that paint software. The desired images can be cut in paint and edit software according to their requirements. Some of the steps are as follows below :<br />
<div>
</div>
<div>
<b>Step 1 :</b> The first step we need to open open PAINT and then we select the image OPEN CLICK PICTURE Water Lilies.</div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibS9zBqpJtQh80wdXtewI8s-LxN0AkagSxwy4LfnX-zIAZNHL_F5lXaai8jzTosdIjQxAm8cysZ_daIUWCVMFpRTFSn-bG8-SiSFNZubOgO49SSkjb_z3zBIgkEiMjrMnWNrx1aZFjW8bY/s400/1.jpg" width="400" /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /><b>Step 2 : </b>Next select AT SELECTION TOOL BAR and we do not the rectangle in the picture.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1b62UsIa-J0xrcjQWgnXoW2vxeAw_axRXif76X1CPRg1mYsCqTfJG1mf1UotKETPKNbIaHtwNWlIwf6XsFEbfuQ4OvPMJuy_2PJExugvVwSvFJT9kX_gH5Z-rne6bvkktpmugN05l0xXj/s400/2.jpg" width="400" /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Step 3 : </b>Subsequently, the SELECT Crop and photographs formed in the rectangle shape that have been made before.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5fmxagNI9EJsxm4AV1updLcmipy5cQ88MSrFZC6MY6w-kMQtXcnniDPnv-LV8XWegxtrJ501h8hwvxeP1d3lKIfiPI1zrZLwGdkdYxugPh2b-EBtqiFyf5Ug-iKKaAmDpCYf5grF9rNLQ/s400/3.jpg" width="400" /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Step 4 : </b>Enter the picture TEXT Water Lilies with SELECT TEXT and text color can be changed according to their own tastes.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaH-RMTsoIblMyAqgHkL6pBxXeLEgheCw6dr77wDNGLceJMrYAMMX5Sy6DTQlFVmfNENh7gO8CbhISJ75PaX0oCWUCtMOcKHLstrbzC6gf8BNcHpFXjotdt59k5SLeaxxZU-7zoc-5fYp6/s400/4.jpg" width="400" /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Step 5 : </b>Photo is ROTATE 180 DEGREE</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5MDdYI3r4djQVaUhoQcjQ-e9PNbd3VlfpjR_jB0oxy8RWM4NYnq_3RNSYxvkkBASd0pZ-8jMjhHztjVDeV6uh3LwYTBmE021dYDGhCkUGB9szAcVZ1dvke232mV5DwN8OK5G88sRhWzWh/s400/6.jpg" width="400" /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Step 6 : </b>Then CLICK SAVE AS to save the picture.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQRaGvK2VZZrgqOXNn3ANsQ8oTAIO9DgSvfu3dfu_8yth45nzsGQt1d7rBwk2HRgc8VIq3HP98_xAU5Fxe8XMAS1hNjnWDzFr6j-Z8dHv1N-mE9T8HBTDsNdBes-t9aYDgFpccB_8HiDiZ/s400/7.jpg" width="400" /></span></div>
<br />
<br />
The examples of using the print screen and paint are as follows :<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Example 1</b> : </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Using paint and pictures from photo albums ...</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlK-pNxQKJV6fnou8jlTsyms_AxLG2ZCvMLPj2R7a1jDsdy-hU7dVVVeRPncyKm-6uzisXZ-D9GXarycRQPi9z4zkOCSlrNZx3awatc60R_ustH1xjZ4hDSZF97tP2l7JHBHA0Sc1prGY/s1600/2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" border="0" height="289" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlK-pNxQKJV6fnou8jlTsyms_AxLG2ZCvMLPj2R7a1jDsdy-hU7dVVVeRPncyKm-6uzisXZ-D9GXarycRQPi9z4zkOCSlrNZx3awatc60R_ustH1xjZ4hDSZF97tP2l7JHBHA0Sc1prGY/s320/2.png" title="Tulips Flower.." width="320" /></a></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Tulips Flower is an example of an edited picture using paint software. Pictures were FLIP HORIZONTAL and writings appear upside down but just change the picture position from right to left.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Example 2 </b>: Using the print screen button, the picture from google image and paint software.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMZ2IGkF7QwMDhEyHigW-8HNujnEM27-yFevM-CJuI_mMFD5UZjMsA7u0PNHnu3wFBHCNCqDdxBMCLHGr1g1YX86lIkQDbuQCECRu71-01KM394Qhb22CRsJUvSOD0aTF6ButY8P7q178/s1600/3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMZ2IGkF7QwMDhEyHigW-8HNujnEM27-yFevM-CJuI_mMFD5UZjMsA7u0PNHnu3wFBHCNCqDdxBMCLHGr1g1YX86lIkQDbuQCECRu71-01KM394Qhb22CRsJUvSOD0aTF6ButY8P7q178/s320/3.png" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">This picture is Jackfruit picture taken from google image and edited. This picture has also been Rotate 180 degrees and look picture and tulisananya reverse but this picture is still beautiful.</span></div>
</div>
</div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-32424475961436959022012-11-21T05:35:00.003-08:002012-11-30T18:53:56.488-08:002.Smart Schools <b style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u>Introduction</u></span></b><br />
<b style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u><br /></u></span></b>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Smart Schools initiative is one of the flagship application that are part of Malaysia’s Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) projected. The Government of Malaysian aims to capitalize on the presence of leading-edge technologies and the rapid development of the MSCs infrastructure to jump-start deployment of enabling technology to schools. This project will be done by creating a group of 90 Pilot Smart Schools by 1999. The Pilot Smart School serve for the teaching and learning concepts and materials, skills and technologies.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Smart School has their own objective such as the project will develop individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious. The Smart Schools will transformed the culture and practices of Malaysian primary and secondary schools that moving away from memory based-learning but it will stimulate the individual to think more creative and caters individual abilities and styles of teaching and learning concept. Besides, the individual get more knowledge about a technology and became a responsibility person in their education life. The Smart School objectives will increase participation of stakeholders and it also democratize education. The project also prepare the citizens for the information age through an innovative education delivery process.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Malaysian Smart School is a learning institution that systematically reinvented in terms of teaching and learning component. There are four waves of the Smart School implementation such as the first wave are The Pilot Phase in 1999-2002. The second wave are The Post-Pilot in 2002-2005, it involved the lessons learnt from the Pilot. The third wave are the making all schools Smart in 2005-2010 and the fourth waves is the consolidate and stabilize, technology becomes an integral part of the nation’s learning process in 2010-2020. The objectives of the Smart School are to produce a thinking and technology-literate workforce and democratize education. It also to increase participation of stakeholders and to provide opportunities to enhance individuals strengths and abilities in education.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The pilot phase is the pelan of the original implementation Pelan, it use to prepare a Master Pelan to ensure that all schools in the country become smart schools in stages by the year of 2010. The Government of Malaysia is expected to play the role of architect and driver for the Smart School project in the few way such as they prepare the guideline and provide the basic amenities to schools according to their individuals needs. The Government also actively encourage all schools to become Smart Schools on their own initiative by using their own financial resources and expertise. The pilot phase also introduced the ICT infrastructure and system, supported service in the form of centralized Help Desk and a data centre, the provision of training for teachers, Principals and Schools Heads in smart teaching and learning, the use of the application software, courseware and ICT literacy. The Pilot Phase also involved the post of an ICT Coordinator for Smart Schools approved by the MOE and made available to assists teachers in the day-to-day operation of infrastructure and the dedicated software.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The second wave Of the Smart School are Post Pilot Phase that are involved ICT as a key enables learning. This will obtain more stakeholders support to the nationwide implementation of the Smart School. The second wave also monitoring and corrective action to achieved and attaining target in the Smart School vision. The third wave of the Smart School are Making All Schools Smarts (MASS) is one of the MOE’s strategies to complement the National Education Policy which calls for holistic development of students and teachers. There are the policy statement of National Education Policy such as ICT for all students, ICT as a teaching tool, ICT as a subject and ICT as a subject component and ICT to improve productivity, efficiency and effectiveness of the management system.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The four wave of the Smart Schools are consulate and stabilize. Therefore, technology becomes key enable in teaching and learning and the computers will be made available for teachers use so that they can manage the learning process better. The measure will be taken to enhance the infrastructure in localities where electricity supply is a problem such as for example, battery-powered computers will be used in places that are prone to electricity shortage.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u>The Smart School Initiative in the Teaching and Learning Component</u><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u><br /></u></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Smart School initiatives are focusing in teaching and learning component, there are four main areas which are curriculum, pedagogy, assessment and teaching-learning material. The Smart School curriculum must achieved the goals of National Philosophy of Education. The curriculum must be socially responsible, multicultural, reflective, open-ended, goal-based, technological and meaningful.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The curriculum shall promote holistic learning, and it allowing children to progress at their own way and think in their capabilities. It also educated children to think more creative thinking skills and helps students achieve overall balanced development. The overall balanced development involve communication, cognitive, affective and physical or social. The curriculum also integration of knowledge, skills, values, and correct use of language across the curriculum. The integration of elements is suitable for the Information Age. In addition, the curriculum activities shall make the teaching and learning process become more interesting and more fun for students to involved. The example of activities are community service activities, subject-related activities and so on.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> The pedagogy of the Smart School is important to achieved the high level of thinking skills and to improve the students knowledge in ICT. It also provide the different learning experience for the student. The pedagogy will make learning more interesting, motivating, stimulating and meaningful to all students. The Smart School pedagogy is student-centred learning. This make students have challenge to get information from other people. The pedagogy also involve the children minds, spirit and bodies in the learning process. It also builds the basic skills as to prepare the students greater challenges over time. The pedagogy also encouragement of learning activities to promote creativity and experimentation with content-independent subjects while maintaining sufficient rigour in content-dependent subject. The pedagogy can manage the student behavior and it also can manage classroom procedures.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Smart Schools assessment are to integration of technology as a tool enables the on-line assessment and conducted in order to show the strength and the abilities of the student. The Smart School assessment will be flexible and learner-friendly. It assure the information are good quality. It also provide an accurate picture of a student’s performance. The teaching learning material of the Smart School is designed to achieved the objective of the Smart School concept. The teaching and learning materials will help the students to get a better understanding of the lessons and it will motivates students to learns and encourages active participation of the students. The element-based assessment focuses on the elements that students possess or must develop through the subject in the school curriculum. The example of subject and the element are the communication and social-emotional development. Through communication, the element that can students achieved are the ability to demonstrate their ideas. While in social-emotional development, students will able to work cooperatively in a group and share their knowledge.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> The other component are teaching and learning materials. The teaching and learning materials can make students to better understanding of the subject in the classroom. The teaching and learning material make students become a cognitively challenging, attractive, motivates students to learn and encourages active participation of the students. The students will take responsibility for managing and directing their own learning. There are five main criteria for the selection and evaluation guideline for teaching and learning materials such as the cosmetic adequacy, technical adequacy, instruction adequacy, cost effectiveness and curriculum adequacy. The cosmetic adequacy involved graphic quality, video quality, animation quality, layout quality and other.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Besides, the technical adequacy must user friendly and clear and comprehensive manuals and guides. The curriculum adequacy must promote values skill, knowledge and language across the curriculum. The cost effectiveness is value for money and the instruction adequacy are promote vertical and horizontal integration. The students have different learning style, thus they need a variety of materials to maximize their learning potential. The use of conventional media such as 3D objects and audio or visual material still feature in Smart Schools but it is highly integrated with computer based media. The teacher must know how to use ICT with teaching and learning materials in their classroom to promote students to focus in their teaching.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u>The Use of the Technology as Enables Contained in the Smart Schools Concept</u><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u><br /></u></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To prepare the students for the challenges of the new era of technologies, Smart School program are introduced with ICT. ICT literacy is emphasized in the Malaysian education system to develop learning skills such as critical thinking, analysis of information, effective communication and problem-solving. It also provides support to learning, teaching, administrative and management processes within the education system. Multiple intelligences thinking, essential for personalized learning, is incorporated into the school curriculum to enable students understand concepts and ideas.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Technology plays a significant role in developing these intelligences. Personal, social, knowledge, acquisition, scientific, generic, mathematical, environmental, creativity and skills are integrated across the curriculum. In order to ensure the Smart School program to be success, The Ministry of education Malaysia has formulated a national ICT policy in education, and a master plan to implement policies, with sufficient allocation of budget to ensure effectiveness. There are some uses of ICT that have been identified.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> ICT is a key enabler for learning<b>. </b>In Smart School, the use of ICT as supporting tool in teaching and learning process has the implication to the process. For each teaching-learning practices, ICT is widely use throughout the process. For example, in self learning, the uses of computer provide the source of latest educational materials in a single click, as well as to external resources such as reference books and journals. For collaborative learning, ICT is used as a tool that facilitates group work within the class and across the class. Distance learning also can be convenient by using ICT that enable long distance communication using technology such as video conferencing or email. The use of software or courseware helps the student to stimulate learning in experimental learning process and very useful for drill and practices purpose, where it allows the students to practice on their own or with peer. In research, reference and data collecting, ICT act as a tool to search, collect and collate information. By using ICT, the electronic assessment can be performing by using built-in assessment courseware.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> Through ICT, teachers are able to create interactive classes and make the lessons more enjoyable, which could improve student attendance and concentration. Teachers can use ICT devices such as projector, interactive whiteboard and computer in order to enhance their teaching process. Schools need to work towards increasing use of ICT in education. ICT has the potential to be an effective teaching and learning tool. The use of ICT provides greater efficiency throughout the school, increase in communication channels through email, discussion groups and chat rooms, and a motivational influence on students learning. By using these devices, teachers are able to create interactive classes and make their lessons more enjoyable. Furthermore, students also will give their full attention during the teaching and learning process. Students learning experiences and learning outcomes can be improved by the use of ICT. Students and teachers will also can develop their new strategies and ways of thinking in response to new experience and the lifting of existing constraints.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> ICT can improve the retentive memory of students.<b> </b>Through ICT, images can be used in teaching in the class and improving the retentive memory of students. This is because developing children have high memory skills. They are also easy to absorb new things that they had learned. In Smart School program, government had provided so many devices and applications that can help the students to improve their retentive memory such as computer and application software. For self-exploratory learning of students, every computer shall have access to the latest educational materials available locally, as well as to external resources. Although using ICT in their learning process, students also should be able to discuss with their friends through collaborative learning. In Smart School program, there are provided with the tools that facilitate group work within the class and across classes. By using this way, students can improve their memory skills when discuss with their friends. For the disabilities student, inclusive educations are provided. It is a tool to help students with disabilities cope with learning more effectively.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> By using ICT in teaching and learning process, teachers can easily explain complex instructions and ensure student’s comprehension. To strengthen their teaching, therefore teacher need considerable support and adequate training both in learning to use technology and in thinking through how to integrate its use into the day-to-day work of the class. This provides opportunities for development in ways in which they themselves feel appropriate. It is helpful for teachers to have knowledge of ways in which ICT can improve student understanding when planning learning sequences and guidance on what is available and how and when it might used.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Through ICT, teachers can easily explain complex instruction such as during experimental class. During experiential learning, teachers can use simulation software and virtual reality to stimulate learning. By this way, students are able to understand more. For the research, reference and data collection, there are tools for students and teachers to search, collect and collate information. The IT implications in Smart School also provide students and teachers with electronic assessment which is on-line assessment via standard database and built-in assessment courseware.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> ICT also gives benefit to school management such as for school governance. ICT can be implies using computer communication such as video conferencing to link the school to the Ministry of Education for administration and policy implementation purpose. School management such as student affairs department, can stores information about their students efficiently using computers and database instead of stores manually to maintain student profiles. By using this way, teachers can store the information about their students safely without thinking of data to be lost.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Teachers also can get their educational resources using computer communications to link the schools databases to central resource database to regulate and organize educational resources. Schools also can manage their financial using computer communication to link to the schools database to facilitate budgeting, accounting and reporting. For human resource management, ICT can implies by using computer communication to link the schools databases to the State Education Departments for human resources management purpose. For the technology management, schools can use computer communication for the purpose of acquiring centralized IT support for the school.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> ICT also give benefits for linkages to external constituencies. For the example, ICT implication of linkages to constituencies such as to the other schools, optimal sharing of information and resources to encourage collaborative learning on a subject among schools. Besides, by using ICT distance learning enables students to keep track of school work even when they are not physically in school. Parents also can access the school for feedback on their children’s progress. The Smart School can be a community centre to enable community involvement in school activities. The community can also use the Smart School as an on-going learning centre. Smart School also provides libraries with research, reference and data collection resource available on-line. Schools also can link with the certain universities and colleges by using ICT. Distance learning on topics by experts in the field and research data can be conducted. Furthermore, school also can access to information on industries, and career opportunities, industrial practical training and sponsorship programs offered by these industries.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u>Overview the progression made so far since inception of Smart School in Malaysia</u><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u><br /></u></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Since the inceptions of Smart School in Malaysia, there are a lot of progression had being conducted to match with goal. These are the outline of the progression had been carried out in the period from 1998 until 2008 which are reviewing the implementation of Smart Schools and the training of Bestari teachers in Malaysia.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Started from 28 September 1992, the proclamation of Malaysia become a develop nation in its own mould by 2020, form a starting point for developed of a cluster of smart schools. It would require the implementation of the formation of seven applied multi-media corridor. Early 1996, there was discussion about Smart School by the Ministry of Education on the concept and it implication on the Malaysian education system. Late 1996, the Smart school became one of the seven flagship application of Multimedia Super Corridor. In January 1997, the vision of the Smart School in the document “Smart School in Malaysia: A Quantum Leap”. This type of blueprint was produced by February 1999 until June 1999 and establishment of a project team comprised by the industry representatives, multimedia development corporation officers, and officers of the ministry of education. They were charged with the task of proposing the necessary guideline for launching the Smart School. The team obtained various kind of resources by made the study visits to Smart School various part of the world and reported their finding.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Started from 1999 until 2002, 88 schools were selected to run as smart school, of which 82 were existing institutions and six were new ones: SMK Putrajaya 1, SK putrajaya 1, SK Putrajaya 2, SMK Seri Bintang Utara, SK Seri Bintang Utara and SK Seri Bintang Selatan. These schools are all provided with ICT equipment, including 5809 computer sets and 261 computer technician. In 2003 the education system had started the teaching and learning of science and mathematics in public school to be conducted in English and the using of interactive courseware during class. In 2006 until 2010 the government has implemented the “in cultured school with smart technology” program as an agenda in the education development master plan (EDMP). This program was to ensure the achievement of more Smart Schools. The implementation of this program, the government can optimize its expenditures on setting up a Bestari school by utilizing and improve the existing infrastructures.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u>Bestari training in Malaysia</u><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u><br /></u></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The training smarts school was conducted for teachers from the pioneer Smart School project. At the early stage, on 1998 until 2000 the duration of Bestari teachers training was 14 week. However, 2001 until 2003 the training become in-serving course (KDP) of 12 week to satisfy teachers training requirement in Sarawak. This is because to attend this training programme, the teacher are required to satisfy the condition that they are already confirm in service, whereas teacher selected in Sarawak were not confirm their in service. Thus the services period was reduced from 14 weeks to 12 week. During that time of training, all the teachers participated had been supplied with computer laboratory facilities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 2004 until 2005, the training period once again changed from 12 weeks to 8 weeks. This is because another issue was come up about teacher being away from school and it gave effect to the school which faced with the shortage of teachers. In 2007 the training mode changed to 4 week. This training mode was project-based learning and it was implemented to first two cohorts. The teacher was required to have the training in two week at institute teachers education (IPG) and another two weeks at school. The training mode continues with the changes for three weeks at IPG while one week at school from the aspect of methodology. During this training, teacher was exposed to the implementation of Bestari through the development of specific project.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u>Challenges since implementation of Smarts schools in Malaysia</u><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><u><br /></u></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There are several challenges since the implementation of Smarts school such as most of the teachers are still using the traditional ways of teaching even they already received the Bestari training programmed. They also refuse to integrate the teaching and learning with ICT. This is because they are worried about not being able to complete the syllabus. Based on the study conducted by Mahani Wahab (2006), regarding the use of electronic resource materials among the Bestari teacher in Selangor found that 64% of the respondent prefer to complete the syllabus using the traditional method and 72.4%of the respondents agree with the view that only a small number of student can be manage in the computer laboratories which make the teaching and learning less effective. Abd Rahim (1999) found that teacher who undergone Bestari training was less creative and innovative. They were still continue the existing pattern of teaching and did not able to generate mental development among the student.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Apart from that, there were also voices of rejection towards this change. This is because they are worried as how far the Smarts school can ensure the achievement of excellent student because the last thing being evaluated is the achievement in examination. These worries arise because they were still thinking that the existing system is good enough. Based on the study conducted by Sharifah (2000) which states the changes in the educational system is still cannot achieved because of the individuals who are in charge are still imprisoned by the old belief.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There is also problem arise with the software which is currently used since the implementation of Smarts school. It has been criticized by the parents and teachers because the software provided were sub-standard and did not suitable for the high achieving student. Education Minister, Razak (1999) has admitted that the ministry’s courseware is not up to the standard. But he explained that it was for temporary used and would be replaced with the second version of software. The ministry also has confessed the mistake for not taking views from teacher and student before.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Apart from that, there were many complaints about the shortage of computers. One teacher said: “the facilities, the computers and equipment are limited”. This problem arises when there were the increasing of students which cause each computer have to be shared by two students and this may reduce the opportunity of using computer equally. One teacher said: “We had the computer in the old classroom but not in the new one. This is due to the moving of classroom to the new building which takes a long period to set the new cabling. Other than that, one of the schools had problem with the outdated and slow computer. One student said: “We need high speed computer”. One teacher said: “The cost providing computers and the maintenance in all smarts school are very high and the government cannot afford that”. At the end they just turn back to the traditional ways, do the talk and chalk.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Exam centered learning also become one of the challenges during the implementation of Smarts school programme. One student said: “Learning using the computer is only deepening your knowledge but it does not help you in your examination”. Most of them would prefer to study for the examination rather than to attend the computer literacy class. In their opinion, the skill in computer can be learnt at anytime but preparation for the examination is always comes first. They also did not bother if the teachers just teach without the using of ICT. Their also would prefer to use the national text book compare to Smarts school textbook because the national text book is more compatible with the examination</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">References<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A.B. AiniArifah and M.Y.Norizan. Using teaching courseware to enhance classroom interaction as method of knowledge sharing. Achieved on October 10, 2012 at <a href="http://umrefjournal.um.edu.my/filebank/published_article/2311/652.pdf">http://umrefjournal.um.edu.my/filebank/published_article/2311/652.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Achieved on October 10, 2012 at<u> </u><a href="http://www.msc.com.my/smartschool/whatis/implementation.asp">http://www.msc.com.my/smartschool/whatis/implementation.asp</a><u><o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Achieved on October 10, 2012 at<u> </u><a href="http://www.mscmalaysia.my/sites/default/files/pdf/publications_references/Smart_School_Blueprint.pdf">http://www.mscmalaysia.my/sites/default/files/pdf/publications_references/Smart_School_Blueprint.pdf</a><u><o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Achieved on October 11, 2012 at</span></span><u> </u><a href="http://mystl.my/wordpress/home-2/facts-on-ict-in-malaysia" target="_blank"><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">http://mystl.my/wordpress/home-2/facts-on-ict-in-malaysia</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><u><o:p></o:p></u></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Achieved on October 11, 2012 at<u> </u><a href="http://www.elmoglobal.com/en/html/ict/01.aspx" target="_blank"><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">http://www.elmoglobal.com/en/html/ict/01.aspx</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><u><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> </span></u></span><u><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">(retrieved on 11/10/2012)</span></u><u><o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Achieved on October 11, 2012 at<u> </u><a href="http://www.mscmalaysia.my/sites/default/files/pdf/publications_references/Smart_School_Blueprint.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">http://www.mscmalaysia.my/sites/default/files/pdf/publications_references/Smart_School_Blueprint.pdf</span></a><u><o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Achieved on October 11, 2012 at <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/11003700/MALAYSIA-ICT-and-School-Linkages" target="_blank"><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">http://www.scribd.com/doc/11003700/MALAYSIA-ICT-and-School-Linkages</span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><u><span style="background-color: white; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> </span></u></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Achieved on October 9, 2012 at<u> </u><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/Fadzliaton/hearts-and-minds-towards-making-all-schools-smart">http://www.slideshare.net/Fadzliaton/hearts-and-minds-towards-making-all-schools-smart</a><u><o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Balkisnah Sharuddin and Norhasni Z.Abiddin. reviewing the implementation of the Smart schools and the training of Bestari teacher in Malaysia. Achieved on October 10, 2012 at<u> </u><a href="http://www.sosyalarastirmalar.com/cilt2/sayi6pdf/shaharuddin_norhasni.pdf">http://www.sosyalarastirmalar.com/cilt2/sayi6pdf/shaharuddin_norhasni.pdf</a><u><o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">M.I. Hamzah , A. Ismail and M.A. Embi (2009). The impact of technology changes in Malaysian smart schools on Islamic Education teachers and students. Achieved on October 11, 2012 at <a href="http://www.waset.org/journals/ijhss/v4/v4-11-109.pdf">http://www.waset.org/journals/ijhss/v4/v4-11-109.pdf</a><u><o:p></o:p></u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; margin-left: 22.5pt; text-indent: -22.5pt;">
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-14506489478953723422012-11-21T05:31:00.003-08:002012-11-21T05:31:51.199-08:001.Issues and Challenges in Integrating ICT in Malaysian Schools<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">PROBLEM BASED LEARNING : Issues And Challanges In Integrating ICT In Malaysian Schools.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">.</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Group Leader : Syafiqah Bt Razale (D20101037538)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Secretary : Tuan Nurul Shahira bt Tuan Yacob (D20101037520)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Group Member : Wan Nurulfarhah Bt Awang @ Hasan (D20101037532)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 164.7pt;" valign="top" width="220"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">FACTS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 164.7pt;" valign="top" width="220"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">IDEAS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 164.7pt;" valign="top" width="220"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">LESSON ISSUES<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td><td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 164.7pt;" valign="top" width="220"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span lang="MS" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ACTION PLANS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border: 1pt solid black; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 164.7pt;" valign="top" width="220"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1. ICT application becomes an important part of teaching and learning.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2. Ministry of Education has spends more effort such as funding and training as to prepare teachers and students with ICT skills.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-color: black; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-right-color: black; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 164.7pt;" valign="top" width="220"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1. Teachers in Malaysian school are difficult to integrate ICT in teaching.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2. Teachers face a huge task of managing and reinventing ICT devices.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">3. Teachers do not apply the skills and facilities provided.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4. Students misuse the facilities provided in school.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">5. Students from rural area lack of skills and not exposed to technologies.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">6. In rural area, school frequently face the shortage of electricity thus effect the teaching and learning progression.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-color: black; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-right-color: black; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 164.7pt;" valign="top" width="220"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1. What is the means of ICT?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2. How to integrate ICT in learning and teaching?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">3. What is the benefit of using ICT in education?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4. What are the issues and challenges in integrating ICT in teaching and learning?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">5. Who is responsible to ensure the teachers have skills in ICT and implement their skills during the teaching session?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">6. How to monitor the misuse of ICT among the students?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">7. What should the government do to solve the problem in rural area?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 17.9pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
</td><td style="border-bottom-color: black; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-right-color: black; border-right-width: 1pt; border-style: none solid solid none; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 164.7pt;" valign="top" width="220"><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1. Refer to journals.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2. Refer to text/reference books.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">3. Refer to internet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4. Discussion among group members.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> <u>Report</u></span></span></b><br />
<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Objective</span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: -0.25in;">To find the issues and challenges in integrating ICT in Malaysian school.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px; text-indent: -0.25in;">Indicate way to overcome the issues and challenges.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Introduction<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">ICT is standing for Information and Communications Technologies. ICT covers all forms of computer and communications equipment and software used to create, design, store, transmit, interpret and manipulate information in its various formats. In Malaysia, ICT is basically used in Smart School program. Establishment of Smart School was inspired in 1996 after Malaysia began to realize the importance of information and communication technology (ICT) is one of the main components for development of country by 2020. There is four waves involved in implementing smart school project. (1) <b>The Pilot (1997-2002):</b> implementation on 87 schools. (2) <b>The Post-Pilot</b> <b>(2002-2005): </b>lessons learnt from the pilot wave<b>.</b> (3) <b>Making All Schools Smart (2005-2010): </b>extending the digital information to all. (4) <b>Consolidate and stabilizes (2010-2020): </b>technology becomes an integral part of the nation’s learning process.</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">Nowadays, the used of ICT is important to be integrated into the teaching and learning process.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Discussion<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">The Issues that occur during execution of the smart school are </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">(1)</b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"> </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">The teachers in Malaysian</b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"> </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">school are difficult to integrate ICT in teaching</b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">: Teachers receive intensive training on how to integrate the ICT in teaching. However, there is no true integration of ICT into the learning so far. This is because most of them lack of confident in using technology. It inhibits them to practice all the skills during their lesson. Thus, the teachers should reinvent their own teaching skill and reduce the using of traditional ways. (</span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">2) Students misuse the facilities provided in school</b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">: By providing technology items in school is still provide disadvantages among the students. For example during their ICT’s class, they would try to sneak open the unhealthy social networking besides making their work. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">At the end, they would just copy their friend’s work to be submitted. Because of that, teaching objectives are not met at that time, although the assignments were sent. The Educational Institutions are worried about the student’s development due to their abuse. Therefore, school can install internet monitoring software on school’s computer to avoid the student from misuse the technologies provided. </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">(3) In rural area, school frequently faces the shortage of electricity</b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">: For this plan to be success, basic telecommunication facilities and electricity supply are needed. However, constant breakdown of electricity supply especially in the rural schools occurred, this is because of the inability of the existing system in school to cope with increase usage of electricity and give effect the teaching and learning progression. Thus, the authorities need to provide adequate electricity supply and system integration engineer who is really expert in this field when there is problem with computer system.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There are a lot of issues and challenge in integrating ICT in Malaysian school. This is due to many factors such as the teacher’s effort, the school administration, labor shortage and many more. Thus, the government must come up with the effective solution to solve all those issues that exist.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline" />wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-31062763987816888702012-11-20T23:01:00.001-08:002012-11-26T17:48:22.071-08:00Video 1<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
This video about my friend...ENJOY IT</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwqV5eFCCCgrUJ716VOybKd3jId4zs4kyzNPjooeayrAylcI4dLeGuIaqL-mVSg9mVqNJfGIpVOAvmubGMA' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-70698738264921462202012-11-20T22:05:00.001-08:002012-11-21T05:53:50.396-08:00Smart School In Malaysian School Slide<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="486" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" mozallowfullscreen="mozallowfullscreen" scrolling="no" src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/15233032" style="border-width: 1px 1px 0; border: 1px solid #CCC; margin-bottom: 5px;" webkitallowfullscreen="webkitallowfullscreen" width="597"> </iframe> <br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
<strong> <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/SyafiqahRazale/smart-school-15233032" target="_blank" title="Smart school">Smart school</a> </strong> from <strong><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/SyafiqahRazale" target="_blank">Syafiqah Razale</a></strong> </div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-42610230303514504342012-11-20T22:03:00.001-08:002012-11-21T05:46:05.522-08:00Problem Based Learning Slide<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="486" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" mozallowfullscreen="mozallowfullscreen" scrolling="no" src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/15232449" style="border-width: 1px 1px 0; border: 1px solid #CCC; margin-bottom: 5px;" webkitallowfullscreen="webkitallowfullscreen" width="597"> </iframe> <br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
<strong> <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/SyafiqahRazale/slide-pbl" target="_blank" title="Slide pbl">Slide pbl</a> </strong> from <strong><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/SyafiqahRazale" target="_blank">Syafiqah Razale</a></strong> </div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-37927264138879622762012-11-12T18:02:00.003-08:002012-11-21T06:05:50.206-08:00Stella Software<b><br /></b>
<b>Step 1</b>: Search Stella software at GOOGLE. Then click CREATE ACCOUNT. Fill the details and email address. After that, click SIGN IN.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYyraGCjM5mk59nEiO89WlP6NS2UF8pU8J1348u6RQ3rCOv2qMzJ7xGMB_KiQVKunUkb9EB6gaM3oqzv_DZl332ZrfrYygRWSdw_KTaV_skCq4S2VJToylnH12jAbjKUzfvQCnhmnjUNA6/s400/stella-creat+akaun.JPG" width="400" />
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuLhL2ym6waNLelFapDiFxRq8UOEt4-4BOdvsxRbB7Q1m6wiY1xcRoM0ROp2rxi5QGV8YKbr-oIKmBLDyn4yPf3BNyH9_4psw-V10AdP4cd7_X1mSsMildaTBIWTRkSWmm9gaFXTC2GF_w/s400/stella-sign+in.JPG" width="400" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b>Step 2</b> : DOWNLOAD for windows ( Stella Trial for 30 days)</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizjRFvvVmNpNJYZwO48bZNBem9reQziirjsHfvs47-Oo2wget_0rdEMuoDuGIWX61u68pcWM71rDK1N2kNq95NM3MFfty1v44jMmUkU93xLRYbGz-z1J1sfRflg21_qkMbRbRq9x7FXzjR/s400/stella+2.JPG" />
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b>Step 3</b> : Choose SAMPLE MODEL from the Stella Trial. The sample model for education and research. CLICK The link.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn-NV-nqHAFwdz-edBSu9MjMQ4F1llaHjGG6bUxCymLODO4-dNvJeYp_vzok3X7tS3ssTCtQnNJee5whgaqE_LWTzP-MluaIVqqRbup2aawgZj9XyV-cHHkMts3EuVNkTuoawWzPgaStaF/s400/stella.JPG" />
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b>Step 4 : </b>OPEN<b> </b>the sample.
</div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjef5vpLfqcaDjpeknIRMsz8Z76LpOK_qANUMpvwaludFwj7pN5_jDu5XzFrZlfVsTsDr7FVqN83859wNRO7jN0JeS-HgXnYxXyenLHUKBOTP_Z3VGYo16dolnEhI_DFY7PoYRDJcpBnHA/s1600/blog+1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjef5vpLfqcaDjpeknIRMsz8Z76LpOK_qANUMpvwaludFwj7pN5_jDu5XzFrZlfVsTsDr7FVqN83859wNRO7jN0JeS-HgXnYxXyenLHUKBOTP_Z3VGYo16dolnEhI_DFY7PoYRDJcpBnHA/s400/blog+1.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<b>Step 5</b> : Click CONDUCT EXPERIMENT.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgptrLikBmCnIV15wxhJMgA40drA7qWN711Bj_wN-LIXI9vCqm4AjcXqmULx8qrnGdHJdwxW4F6uE5fMLvxC9k2d80YFHMjrgkjaC366I-iciVA7CAH1kOAyqm2MyTbOlV98fQ7TY6R-MdO/s400/stella+5.JPG" />
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b>Step 6</b> : Then explore the SIMULATION CONTROL PANEL by changing the variable to</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
get the different results. The SAVE the file.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgF7cbcWEqzknoVZQOY3ldFtKGrM7oPcFMZ5GzRhHJkjO6YawzttKMF-MBJFdUxTogjGRwAk4bmfT_-_jPdN1fHMB1njNqKriHiZZ3GN_F-MO1Cglg0z-jPjS8bXPjhMq7d43CoVHp23Vvr/s400/Copy+of+normal+1+ok.JPG" />
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTeawrA0dTSrxKqpdYc5cMCVySnB4tIQ0DLMoaAtCJZbD7kzGhaZvOKlqtaM_KenJAStjpX7Dgjqp79mQjJTTLzwbjfoBL2skQoStEk80i8rRWD75u4I1DxZYlt5RROqqFtfJnT3yMCL61/s400/0.JPG" />
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1154754111995282823.post-85340442612162826112012-11-11T22:51:00.002-08:002012-11-11T22:51:30.564-08:00LET LEARN ICT<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b>Information and Technology</b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOKIRTRHChDCwzKFDUeCYW1Wvs6fFg1EqIAybrfBDrmcqwUTzSWDYL89on3sInJBy0BGK-kcEeISZw2jdJ-IYMNW_nOomFPqEEZJjxUcHmSSSr2LYHVfQ21E5RxtrXA1PUtG5QUEiyEII/s1600/ictpic1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOKIRTRHChDCwzKFDUeCYW1Wvs6fFg1EqIAybrfBDrmcqwUTzSWDYL89on3sInJBy0BGK-kcEeISZw2jdJ-IYMNW_nOomFPqEEZJjxUcHmSSSr2LYHVfQ21E5RxtrXA1PUtG5QUEiyEII/s320/ictpic1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
wan nurulfarhahhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07870992721936963082noreply@blogger.com0